Stability and bifurcation analysis of a discrete predator-prey system of Ricker type with harvesting effect

Abstract

In ecosystems, the harvesting effect is crucial for maintaining predator-prey relationships. The goal of this study is to look into the complexity of a discrete-time predator-prey system with a harvesting effect. The occurrence and stability of fixed points, as well as period-doubling and Neimark-Sacker bifurcations, are all investigated in this study. The system’s bifurcating and fluctuating behavior can be controlled via feedback and hybrid control approaches. Furthermore, numerical simulations are employed as evidence to support our theoretical findings. It has been discovered that the harvesting effect can have a major impact on the dynamics of the predator-prey system. The predator and prey populations can benefit or be harmed depending on the intensity of harvesting.