The contribution of amensalism and parasitism in the three-species ecological system's dynamic

Abstract

Amensalism is an ecological relationship in which one species experiences harm while the other remains unaffected. When one organism stops another from proliferating or living without causing harm to itself, this type of symbiotic relationship takes place. This research is interested in developing and examining a mathematical model including three species that integrate amensalism and parasitism because amensalism can involve a range of organisms and occur in a variety of settings. The qualitative properties of their solution are analyzed. Every possible point of equilibrium has been located. We look at both global and local stability. The requirements needed for the system to continue operating have been identified. The possibility of local bifurcations is investigated. Lastly, a numerical simulation is used to describe how parameter perturbations impact the system's behavior.