Effects of migration and selective harvesting on the prey-predator population dynamics in three different areas

Abstract

This paper develops a nonlinear mathematical model to describe the population dynamics of butini fish (Glossogobius matanensis) as prey and cork fish (Channa striata) as predator across three connected lake areas. The model incorporates migration and selective harvesting processes, and examines the existence and local stability of the interior equilibrium point using analytical and numerical approaches. Numerical simulations are presented to visualize the trajectories of prey and predator populations, confirming the analytical results. The findings reveal that both species can coexist sustainably and that selective harvesting under specific effort levels enhances prey recovery without destabilizing predator dynamics.