A dynamic compartmental model for optimizing leak detection in water distribution systems

Abstract

Water distribution systems face significant challenges from leaks that lead to substantial water losses and increased maintenance costs. Traditional detection methods often fall short in addressing the dynamic nature of pipe degradation and leak propagation. This paper introduces a novel compartmental approach inspired by epidemiological models, categorizing pipes into three states: intact, leaking, and repaired. We analyze equilibrium points and stability to identify critical thresholds for leak control and propose optimal strategies for preventive and repair efforts. Numerical simulations validate the theoretical findings, demonstrating the model’s effectiveness in guiding maintenance decisions. This innovative methodology offers a new framework for optimizing resource allocation and improving the resilience of water distribution systems.